System for wireless telegraphy.



R. M, v n 0 v T 5 W w O t w WM/ n L w 2 l nl w w, N d/l. D E T I Y m ,H. A A.. P R2 Gw @L .K B C Rm N E MEW. r .L Gvnun B .RF m .fw N ...wm V ,Wu A Mm T. E M s. B ,Y f S v M .s n 8 Q ...w f/J RW W M BEST AvAiLAeLE cot,Y

UNITED STATES e PATENT OFFIC.

THOMAS E. CLARK, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO THOS. E.

CLARK WIRELESS TELEGRAPH TELEPHONE CO., OF DETROIT, u MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

SYSTEM FOR WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nbv. 21, 1905.

Appiicauon med February 17,1902. serial No. 94,346.

T0 tl/f zt'wnt may concern:

. Be it known that I, THOMAS E. CLARK, a citizen or' the United States, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne, State of Michigan, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Systems for Wireless Telegraphy; and I do declare -the following to be a full,clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, and to the figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification. y

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in automatic wireless signal and telegraph apparatus, and consists in the `construction and arrangement ofparts hereinafter fully set forth and pointed out particularly in the claims.

The objects of my invention are to provide a system embodying a novel form of adjustable emitter or transmitter, and means for increasing the effect or force of electric waves at the transmitting-station; also, a controlling or automatic signal -sending device in connection with the oscillator driven by any suitable means, and adapted to produce at the transmitter dots and dashes in accordance with the Morse code or other system of signaling.

A further object is to provide an efficient form of coherer or receiver working in connection with a restoring mechanism at the receiving-station, adapted to receive and record the dots and dashes, or other signals, pro- 'duced automatically at the transmitting-station.

The above objects are attained by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in whichr- Figure 1 is a diagrammatical View embodying the preferred form of arranging my apparatus at the transmitting-station. Fig. 2 is a like view showing a preferred form of arranging the apparatus embodying my invention at the receiving-station.

In the-drawings two stations are represented, one comprising the transmitting apparatus and the other the receiving apparatus, but in actual practice or commercial use, both stations will be equipped with transmitting and receiving apparatus so that signals may be sent and received at both stations.

Referring to Fig. 1, I will first describe the transmitting apparatus which' comprises a Ruhmkorif coil 1, the primary winding 2 of which is energized by a suitablebattery or other source of electric energy 3, and with which is connectedthe ordinary condenser 3a. In circuit with the battery and the primary of the induction-coil through the line or conductor 4 is an interrupter comprising a vibrating armature 5 and the contact-screw 6, such as are ordinarily emplo'yed. In series with the battery and the primary of theinduction-col is an automatic controller, or signal apparatus, 7

operated by a smail motor'S, or other suitable means, whereby a rotary motion may be imparted to the shaft 9, upon the projecting end of which is a worm 10, which meshes with the gear -Ywheel 11, `mounted upon the shaft l2 suitably journaled and carrying a hard-rubber cylinder 13.4 Seated in the periphery of said cylinder are the adjustable pins 14, 15 and 16. Located in the path of the pins carried by the cylinder 13 is a contact-spring 17 connected through the binding-post 18 with battery 3 and carrying at its free end acontact-point 19. Below the contact-spring 17 is asecond spring 2O carrying contact-point 21 which is directly beneath contact-point 19, said contact-spring '2O being connected through binding-post 22 and line 23 with the primary of the inductioncoil, thereby completing the circuit of battery 3. Said circuit is normally open at contact-points 19 and 21. When the motor is started so as to revolve the gear-wheel 11, the cylinder 13 is rotated and the pins therein are successively caused to engage the spring-terminal 17, and force it downward so as to close the circuit at points 19 and 21, thereby rapidly closing and opening the circuit, including the primary of the inductioncoil, and producing a rapidly-alternating current in the secondary winding 24C of said coil whose terminals are connected tothe binding-posts 25 and 26, from which lead the current-conductors 27 and 28, in which are included the copper spheres 29 and 30. From said spheres lead the lines of the external circuit 31 and 32 connected with the aerialv conductors 34 and 35 which may be corrugated metal drums. The oscillations are produced IOO .of the oscillations. leading to the aerial conductor 35 is an adustable inductive resistance-coil 44 woundl eEsTAvAiLABLE coP y ,1 rupture incident to the leaping' of ark across the air-gaps between the spheres 29 and 30, and the interposed copper cones 36 and 37, and between the cones themselves setting up an electrical oscillation which is given off at the aerial conductors 34 and 35. It will be seen that the pins of the rubber cylinder 13 are of varying contact-surface so as to produce a variation in the length of time the points 19 and 21 remain closed. The pin 14 will give a short impulse, like a dot, and the pins 15 and 16 impulses of longer duration, like dashes, whereby any desired signal may be arranged for by changing or rearranging the pins producing the impulses which are given olf at the transmitting-station, and received upon the apparatus at the receiving-station.

The copper balls of the oscillator or transmitter are mounted upon vertically-movable connecting-rods 40 and 41, which pass through insulated holders 42 and 43 of hard rubber or ebony, and in which holders said rods are adjustable so that the space between the spheres and the interposed copperbonesmay be increased or decreased to change the frequency In the circuit-wire 32 around a movable insulated core38, whereby z Ithe inductive eifect upon the secondary may herer or receiver.

lbe regulated to assist in acqulring a correspondence of tuning between the transmitting and receiving stations.

The apparatus at the receiving-station,illustrated in Fig. 2, comprises the aerial conductors 45 and 46 connected with conductingwires 47 and 48 which lead to and terminate in the primary winding of the repeater-coil 53, while the secondary winding of said coil is connected to the conductors 47 a and 48 leading to the binding-posts 49 and 50 that are electrically connected with the jaws 51 and 52, which receive the contact-terminals of the corI`he repeater-coil is of the familiar type of repeater-coils commonly used in telephone-work. This coil serves to gather the minute waves from the aerials and collect .them in a large volume in the primary, in-

ducing in the secondary a smaller volume but of higher tension calculated to repeat the impulse forcibly to the receiving apparatus. Located in conductor-wire 48 of the aerial circuitis a variable inductance-coil 54 for the pu rpose of regulating the length of the receiving-wire according to the tension of the electrical wave or impulse, enabling a wave of high frequency to be choked or retarded by cutting in more resistance so as to prevent it from reaching the receiver with undue force.

The coherer, or receiver, consists in a glass tube 59 capped at its ends with hard-rubber or ebony caps 60, which are sealed or cemented thereon. The electrodes 64, which enter trical circuit between the electrodes of Vthe coherer and the circuit-wires 47 a and 48L is effected. Also connected with the bindingposts 49 and 50 are the circuit-wires 76'and -7 7 in which is included a battery 78 and the coils of a relay-magnet 79, which circuit is normally open at the coherer. When an electrical impulse is received at the receivingstation,-it operates to cohere the filings in the receiver and close the relay-circuit between the electrodes, thereby attracting the armature and closing the circuit through the conductor'- wires 81 and 82 in which is included the battery 83, and of which the armature 80 forms a complementary portion. In series with the battery 83 is a vibrator, or

.electric tapper 84, the hammer of which is operated to strike the end of the screw 71 in the end of one of the electrodes, and decohere the tilings, thereby opening the relaycircuit as soon as the impulse is received.

In the operation of the apparatus at the receiving-station, the impulses received through the aerial conductors-cause the closing of the relay-circuit at the cohercr, and an immediate opening of said circuit by means of the electrical tapper,whereby the dots and dashes, or other forms of signals sent, are reproduced in the receiving instrument, and are made manifest in the electric gong 86 in series with battery 87 through conductors 88 and 89, and which connect with the relay-circuit. Included in line 88 of the gong, or secondary circuit, is a magnet 92 adapted to actuate a target 93 to place it in the dotted position shown in Fig. 2, whereby the electrical signal received in the alarm is reproduced in the ltarget indicating therein each impulse and itsV duration, the indication of the signal in the target being automatic, and the manifestation remaining in the form of vibration as long as each impulse lasts.

Having thus fully set forth my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isj 1. In a system of wireless telegraphy and signaling, the combination, with an aerial conductor, of an induction-coil having each terminal of its secondary connected with said conductor through an external circuit, copper spheres included in said circuit, a conical body adjacent to but spaced from said spheres, which IOO IIO

sEsT'Ax/AILABLE coP- latter are adjustable so that the space between them and the conical body may be increased or decreased.

2. In a system of wireless telegraphy and signaling, the combination, with aerial conductors, of an induction-coil havingits secondary connected with said conductors by external circuits, adjustable copper spheres in said circuits, conical bodies fix'edly interposed between said spheres spaced therefrom and from each other, means for adjusting the spheres to regulate the spaces between them and the conical bodies, and an adjustable inductive resistance-coil included in the circuit of the aerial conductor.

3. In a system of wireless telegraphy and signaling, the combination with an emittingconductor, of a transmitter adapted to produce electrical oscillations, an induction-coil having its secondary connected with said oscillator, an automatic circuit-closer or signal apparatus included inthe primary of said induction-coil, said circuit-closer carrying continuously-movable pins of non-conductingmaterial having varying engaging surfaces adapted to intermittently close the primary circuit in varying durations.

4. In a system of wireless telegraphy and signaling, the combination with a transmitter, of an automatic circuit-closer comprising a rotary cylinder having changeable non-con ductive pins therein of varying engaging surfaces, a spring-terminal forming a part of an electric circuit connected with the transmitter located in the path of the pins of said cylinder, a contact-terminal immediately below the free end of said spring, whereby the circuit is closed through said spring and terminal by the engagement of the pins with the spring as the cylinder revolves, intermittently closing said circuit for periods of varying duration. 4

In testimony whereof I sign this specification in the presence of two witnesses.

, THOMAS E. CLARK.

Witnesses:

E. S. WHEELER, C. E. Davis. 

